ABSTRACT
Stressful events can cause a significant impact on education;however, it is not yet clear how the interplay between anxiety, work, and social dysfunction relates to learning impairments. In this study, we investigated the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on students' learning and mental health. This study was conducted during four modules of a remote Psychopharmacology course between 5 October and 20 December 2020. We collected data from 28 Psychology undergraduate students at the University of Sao Paulo, Brazil. We used pre- and post-test multiple-choice questions to obtain a quantitative measure of learning. Students completed an online survey to report demographic information, functional impairment (Work and Social Adjustment scale;WSAS), generalized anxiety (Generalized Anxiety Disorder scale;GAD-7), coronavirus anxiety (Brazilian adapted version of the Coronavirus Anxiety Scale;CAS-BR), and self-perception with the remote lectures' methodology. In our sample, 42.9% of respondents experienced symptoms of generalized anxiety disorders (GAD-7 >= 15), and 53.6% had moderate to severe functional impairment (WSAS > 20). We also observed an overlapping profile of highly anxious and dysfunctional students. A chi-square test of independence revealed a relation between pairs of multiple-choice questions answers and GAD-7 scores, indicating that less anxious students were more likely to perform better in pairs of pre- and post-tests. Intriguingly, the correlational analysis suggested that students with moderate to severe functional impairment (WSAS scores > 20) were less likely to change from an incorrect to a correct answer to pairs of pre- and post-tests. This data suggests that psychological distress and anxiety states might influence students' ability to coordinate social and work activities and performance during remote learning. Although this study evaluated a small sample of students, our data highlights the importance of investigating anxiety and functional impairment measures as part of the remote-learning curriculum. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2023 APA, all rights reserved)
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Health authorities have widely used social health campaigns to improve the attitudes and healthy behaviours of the population. During the COVID-19 pandemic, they became an essential tool in increasing compliance with health measures, especially among the young population, a particularly reluctant group. The aim of this study was to analyse the effectiveness of different campaigns in improving young people's intention to change their behaviour towards compliance with health measures. For this purpose, an experimental study was conducted using neurophysiological tools (electroencephalogram and galvanic skin response) as well as self-reported data from a questionnaire. The experiment analysed three health campaigns with different narrative frames and emotions in the messages. The results showed different degrees of persuasive effectiveness depending on the framing, emotions used, and level of intensity of such emotions. Overall, it was concluded that negative framing strategies and high levels of intensity worked effectively. The influence of the perceived risk declared by the participants on the impact of the different campaigns was also analysed. In this case, for the most difficult target to activate, subjects with low perceived risk, negative and low-intensity framing strategies were revealed to be the most effective. Implications for the design of campaigns were derived, and limitations and future lines of research were addressed. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2023 APA, all rights reserved)
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This study examined the psychometric properties of a Brazilian adapted version of the Coronavirus Anxiety Scale (CAS-BR) in a sample of adults in Brazil. Confirmatory factor analyses demonstrated that the CAS-BR produces a reliable (α = .84), unidimensional construct whose structure was shown to be invariant across gender, race, and age. However, some items of the CAS-BR were stronger indicators of the coronavirus anxiety construct for women and younger adults. Although the CAS-BR demonstrated evidence of discrimination ability for functional impairment (AUC = .77), Youden indexes were low to identify a clinical cut-score. Construct validity was demonstrated with correlations between CAS-BR scores and measures of functional impairment, generalized anxiety, and depression. Exploratory analyses revealed that CAS-BR total scores were higher among women and participants with a history of anxiety disorder. These findings are consistent with previous investigations and support the validity of CAS-BR for measuring coronavirus anxiety with Brazilian adults.
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This study aimed to explore the impact of anxiety and functional impairment measures on a sample of undergraduate psychology students. Learning performance was evaluated during the emergency remote teaching during the first wave and in the post-vaccination period of the COVID-19 pandemic in Brazil. Data modeling revealed that psychometric indicators of severe anxiety and severe functional impairment predicted students with lower learning performance in pairs of pre- and post-test multiple-choice questions. This is the first study to highlight the association between measures of generalized anxiety and functional impairment having a deleterious impact on students' learning performance. This manuscript highlights that educational policies should be designed to deal with students' mental health under stressful situations.
Subject(s)
COVID-19 , Pandemics , Humans , COVID-19/epidemiology , Anxiety , Anxiety Disorders , StudentsABSTRACT
This study aims to understand the factors that provide student satisfaction in online learning during the COVID-19 pandemic. The unit of analysis of this research involved 581 student respondents who had done online learning. This study uses a quantitative approach with SEM-PLS analysis to answer the three research hypotheses. The factor studied is the relationship between University Support, Online Learning Tools, Technical Support, and Student Satisfaction. The results of the analysis state that all items are valid and reliable with the indicated values of loading factor (LF), Average Variance Extracted (AVE), composite reliability (CR), and Cronbach's alpha (CA) > 0.5. Meanwhile, the value of R2 = 0.545, which means the model is quite representative. The results of the analysis of all hypotheses showed a positive and significant impact on Student Satisfaction. These results indicate that online learning activities during the COVID-19 pandemic really need university support and online learning tools that are well available from devices that can be used by students and teachers and technical support that is ready to solve all problems. © 2022 IEEE.
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We report the case of a 20-year-old male who developed severe HO of the left hip secondary to a prolonged course of COVID-19 pneumonia. Upon extubation, he was found to have debilitating left hip pain and significant functional deficits with regard to his range of motion and functional status. There are numerous known causes of heterotopic ossification (HO), including trauma, surgery, and traumatic brain or spinal cord injuries. An increased incidence of HO has also been reported in patients who undergo prolonged intubation. While the COVID-19 virus has many known respiratory and medical complications, it has also resulted in unforeseen complications that present long-term challenges for patients. When treating patients with coronavirus, physicians should be aware of HO as a possible complication and consider it as a cause of musculoskeletal pain.
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Introduction: Coronavirus Disease (COVID 19) is now considered a pandemic by the WHO. Not much studies have described the pattern and outcomes of kidney disease in COVID patients. Although diffuse alveolar damage and acute respiratory failure are the main features of COVID-19, the involvement of other organs need to be explored. Kidney disease could be a factor which could have a negative outcome in patients with COVID 19. Renal transplant recipients are a special population who can be affected by the CoViD pandemic due to the immunosuppressant drugs they are on. They are also at risk because of the other co-morbidities they have. Mortality in this population is found to be 20-30% according to a few studies. So this study is aimed at assessing the clinical profile of this population in a tertiary care centre in South Indian. Methods: A Prospective study and short term follow-up of all CoViD-19 afflicted post renal transplant patients admitted in a tertiary care hospital between May 2020 to July 2021 was done. Clinical characteristics, laboratory data and outcome data were obtained. Factors affecting death and graft dysfunction were studied. Data was presented as mean with standard deviation. Multivariate regression analysis was performed to identify independent risk factors that predicted graft dysfunction and death. Results: A total of 51 cases of CoViD-19 positive renal transplant patients got admitted. The mean age of this cohort was 40 years. Males represented a higher proportion (84.3%) than females. There was 38 LRRTR and 13 DDRTR. 10 patients had history of treatment for graft rejection recently. Most common co morbidity was Diabetes (17.6%);presenting symptoms at the time of COVID-19 included fever (96.1%), cough (90.2%), and breathlessness (72.5%). Clinical severity ranged from asymptomatic (3.9%), mild (23%), and moderate (3.9%) to severe (68.6%). Strategies to modify immunosuppressant’s included discontinuation of anti metabolites without changes in calcineurin inhibitors and steroids (45%). Overall patient mortality was 33.3% (17 of 51) and 100% (17 of 17) in patients requiring invasive ventilator support. Dyspnea and altered mental status at presentation, severe CoViD and need for RRT were risk factor for death. ISD regimen change, Remdesvir and oxygen therapy had significant effect on survival. Graft dysfunction was seen in 96.1% of patients. No significant risk factors were identified for graft dysfunction. Severity of CoViD-19 was found to be an independent risk factor for mortality as per multivariate analysis. Of the 34 patients who survived, 15 had persistent graft dysfunction after 4 weeks of follow-up. Conclusions: Altered metal status at presentation, severe CoViD pneumonia and need for RRT were risk factors for mortality. ISD regimen change, Remdesvir and oxygen therapy had significant effect on survival. Severity of CoViD-19 pneumonia was found to be an independent risk factor for mortality as per multivariate analysis. Graft dysfunction was seen in 96.1% of patients.Of the 34 patients who survived, after 4 weeks of follow-up, 15 had a higher SCr than their baseline value. No conflict of interest
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Disruption in many supply chains has shown the vulnerability of global supply networks, especially resource-intensive ones, due to the simultaneous effects of pandemics and geopolitical crises. Reshoring and nearshoring strategies are the possible responses of manufacturing companies to disruptions in order to adapt to unforeseen events. The supply chain for the Italian ceramic sector, which is characterized by a high intensity of natural and energy resource consumption and a sourcing system with a high geopolitical risk, is examined in this study. The functional decomposition technique was used to analyze the supply chain;then, three scenarios were developed as potential remedies for the unexpected termination of Ukrainian plastic clay supply. The study also showed that complex issues require multifaceted analysis approaches, which is why a transdisciplinary approach was chosen. In addition, the analysis of the ceramic industry showed that nearshoring and reshoring strategies can reduce supply risk and have a positive impact on the environment. The study also showed how bringing extraction sources closer to factories significantly reduces CO2 emissions to the atmosphere from transportation. The main contribution of this paper is the analysis of the complexity of supply chains in times of disruption, configuring reshoring and nearshoring options through transdisciplinarity.
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This study develops a virtual booth implementation measurement model in e-commerce to increase customer intention to use and then buy. This development is based on this pandemic period. The use of e-commerce has become a place of buying and selling, so new innovations in the system are needed to increase visitors to the e-commerce system to buy. Thus, in this study, we develop a success measurement model for implementing a system based on the IS success model developed by Delon and Mclean. This study uses the variables Information Quality, Service Quality, Exhibition experience, System Quality, exhibition Satisfaction, and intention to use. This variable can play a role in helping determine the effectiveness of the implemented information system. Furthermore, this research will be used to measure respondents' quantitative analysis using the system. © 2022 IEEE.
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The rapid development of technology provides changes in human life in carrying out activities. One of them is SMEs that can have an impact on ornamental fish SMEs. This development is very rapid with the Covid-19 pandemic changing the economy, especially income for SMEs has decreased. Another problem with the pandemic is the existence of social restrictions in all activities, thus limiting the activities that can be done specifically for contest events. Innovation in contests requires technology to expand the range of participants to participate in contests. The combination of contests with technology creates virtual contests. Design development with a user center design approach with FGDs with related parties. The result of this research is a virtual contest application design. User-customized contest application features that play an important role include: Event Organizer can create events, create event categories, enter judges, create evaluation categories, accept participant registrations, provide information on contest results. Jury users can judge according to the event category. Participants register for the contest event and get the contest results. Administrators manage events that occur. Developing a virtual contest design in this mobile application can help ornamental fish lovers to participate regardless of the distance, place, and time of the contest. The innovation contest provides more information to help new/deserved customers get quality ornamental fish for the contest. Contest innovation requires technology to generate virtual contests. Virtual contest contests can help broaden the range of participants who can participate in contest events. © 2022 by the authors.
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We study the optimal lockdown policy for a planner who wants to control the fatalities of a pandemic while minimizing the output costs of the lockdown. We use the SIR epidemiology model and a linear economy to formalize the planner's dynamic control problem. The optimal policy depends on the fraction of infected and susceptible in the population. We parametrize the model using data on the COVID19 pandemic and the economic breadth of the lockdown. The quantitative analysis identifies the features that shape the intensity and duration of the optimal lockdown policy. Our baseline parametrization is conditional on a 1% of infected agents at the outbreak, no cure for the disease, and the possibility of testing. The optimal policy prescribes a severe lockdown beginning two weeks after the outbreak, covers 60% of the population after a month, and is gradually withdrawn covering 20% of the population after 3 months. The intensity of the lockdown depends on the gradient of the fatality rate as a function of the infected, and on the assumed value of a statistical life. The absence of testing increases the economic costs of the lockdown, and shortens the duration of the optimal lockdown which ends more abruptly. Welfare under the optimal policy with testing is higher, equivalent to a one-time payment of 2% of GDP.
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The Covid-19 pandemic has impact on the regional revenue (PAD) of DKI Jakarta Province. As a result of this pandemic, DKI Jakarta's local revenue decreased by 53.66 percent. Rationalization of the Regional Expenditure Budget targets regional income and financing receipts. Regional income consists of Regional Original Income (PAD), Balancing Fund, other legal income. Most of DKI Jakarta's local revenue (PAD) comes from taxes. In 2020, out of IDR 57.561 trillion PAD DKI, IDR 50.170 trillion is projected from local taxes. However, the projected regional tax revenue will decline drastically amid the corona virus pandemic (Covid-19). Based on the calculation of the DKI Provincial Government, it is projected that regional taxes will decrease up to 55.01 percent. A common problem that occurs is that the tax and retribution sector is less than optimal due to Covid-19. Levy taxes from the service sector such as hotels and restaurants. Impact on regional income of DKI Jakarta. The factor that has resulted in low regional revenue and expenditure realization in the province of DKI Jakarta is due to the concern of the regional government to issue budgets thus causing disharmony in inter-ministerial regulations. © 2021 ACM.
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Online investment applications are digital applications that support investors in investing, allowing investors to obtain information, sell and buy the investment products they want. In 2020, there will be a COVID-19 pandemic that requires all people to stay at home, and increasingly massive technological developments have increased internet users and users of online investment applications. The problem is that there is a loss from 2009 to 2019, reaching 29 trillion rupiahs caused by various problems, one of which is a fraudulent investment. This study uses literature studies from various journals. This study results from the factors of investor acceptance of online investment applications using the UTAUT2 method as the basis for the theory. The variables used are Facilitating Conditions, Hedonic Motivation, Performance Expectancy, Effort Expectancy, Social Influence, Price Value, Habit, and adding additional variables Perceived Risk, Trust. as well as Awareness-Knowledge. © 2021 IEEE.
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AIMS OF THIS STUDY: To describe the Latin American population affected by COVID-19, and to determine relevant risk factors for in-hospital mortality. METHODS: We prospectively registered relevant clinical, laboratory, and radiological data of adult patients with COVID-19, admitted within the first 100 days of the pandemic from a single teaching hospital in Santiago, Chile. The primary outcome was in-hospital mortality. Secondary outcomes included the need for respiratory support and pharmacological treatment, among others. We combined the chronic disease burden and the severity of illness at admission with predefined clinically relevant risk factors. Cox regression models were used to identify risk factors for in-hospital mortality. RESULTS: We enrolled 395 adult patients, their median age was 61 years; 62.8% of patients were male and 40.1% had a Modified Charlson Comorbidity Index (MCCI) ≥5. Their median Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA) score was 3; 34.9% used a high-flow nasal cannula and 17.5% required invasive mechanical ventilation. The in-hospital mortality rate was 14.7%. In the multivariate analysis, were significant risk factors for in-hospital mortality: MCCI ≥5 (HR 4.39, P < .001), PaO2 /FiO2 ratio ≤200 (HR 1.92, P = .037), and advanced chronic respiratory disease (HR 3.24, P = .001); pre-specified combinations of these risk factors in four categories was associated with the outcome in a graded manner. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL IMPLICATIONS: The relationship between multiple prognostic factors has been scarcely reported in Latin American patients with COVID-19. By combining different clinically relevant risk factors, we can identify COVID-19 patients with high-, medium- and low-risk of in-hospital mortality.
Subject(s)
COVID-19 , Adult , Chile/epidemiology , Hospital Mortality , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Prospective Studies , SARS-CoV-2ABSTRACT
Stressful events can cause a significant impact on education;however, it is not yet clear how the interplay between anxiety, work, and social dysfunction relates to learning impairments. In this study, we investigated the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on students’ learning and mental health. This study was conducted during four modules of a remote Psychopharmacology course between 5 October and 20 December 2020. We collected data from 28 Psychology undergraduate students at the University of São Paulo, Brazil. We used pre- and post-test multiple-choice questions to obtain a quantitative measure of learning. Students completed an online survey to report demographic information, functional impairment (Work and Social Adjustment scale;WSAS), generalized anxiety (Generalized Anxiety Disorder scale;GAD-7), coronavirus anxiety (Brazilian adapted version of the Coronavirus Anxiety Scale;CAS-BR), and self-perception with the remote lectures’ methodology. In our sample, 42.9% of respondents experienced symptoms of generalized anxiety disorders (GAD-7 ≥ 15), and 53.6% had moderate to severe functional impairment (WSAS >20). We also observed an overlapping profile of highly anxious and dysfunctional students. A chi-square test of independence revealed a relation between pairs of multiple-choice questions answers and GAD-7 scores, indicating that less anxious students were more likely to perform better in pairs of pre- and post-tests. Intriguingly, the correlational analysis suggested that students with moderate to severe functional impairment (WSAS scores >20) were less likely to change from an incorrect to a correct answer to pairs of pre- and post-tests. This data suggests that psychological distress and anxiety states might influence students’ ability to coordinate social and work activities and performance during remote learning. Although this study evaluated a small sample of students, our data highlights the importance of investigating anxiety and functional impairment measures as part of the remote-learning curriculum.
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Risk management plays a key role in uncertain times, preventing corporations from acting rashly and incorrectly, allowing them to become flexible and resilient. A global turbulence such as the COVID-19 pandemic has had a strong impact on individual companies and entire economic sectors, raising the question of whether a paradigm shift is necessary, in order to enable a new cycle of development that is much environmentally, socially and economically sustainable. This environmental and socio-economic context of profound uncertainty forces organizations to consider more carefully the risk factors affecting their business continuity, as well as how these factors relate to sustainability issues. However, there is a gap in knowledge about how risk management systems relate to sustainability management systems, and how both of them exert influence on business performance, especially from a theoretical point of view. The aim of this study is to address this gap, by developing a new interpretative framework for the analysis of risk management strategies in organizations. This approach has been identified in economic hermeneutics as an innovative methodological tool to improve the knowledge of risk and design the most appropriate management strategies. The paper provides two main results: the first one is the construction of a theoretical model that relates risk management to sustainability management;the second one is an operational framework of multidimensional risk assessment useful for analysis at different levels (business, competitive scenario and system). Finally, the model also makes it possible to carry out a sustainability assessment through risk evaluation in the perspective of the sustainable development goals.
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As we reach the fifth anniversary of the Declaration of the United Nations 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development, the tourism sector responsible for over 10% of the world’s GDP still does not have an open-source, sustainable management criteria that would enable and empower them to “walk the talk” to contribute to the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). The purpose of this paper is to fill the gap in the social sciences and business management literature by providing a theoretical Sustainable Strategic Management Model (SSMM) proposal for the Fourth Sector (4S), Small- and Medium-sized (SMEs) Hotel companies (4S-SM-HCs), which are committed and have the will to contribute firmly to the 2030 Agenda. Based on their corporate purpose and aligned with the SDGs, this article provides a holistic proposal with a multi-stakeholder approach, adding the SDG perspective. Through a qualitative research methodology based on two focus groups in which the main stakeholders and the management team of the 4S-SM-HC under examination took part, a theoretical SSMM is co-defined so that the hotel company can make significant contributions to the five areas of the SDGs. Basing their structure on the internationally recognized Global Sustainable Tourism Council (GSTC) Criteria and co-created through social learning, this SSMM proposes four strategic management axis and develops ten principles of ethical performance (PEP). The main contributions of this article are two: (1) to provide an ecosystemic SSMM proposal to the 4S-SM-HCs to allow them to make significant contributions to the SDGs, and (2) to facilitate a methodological framework with a multi-stakeholder approach and SDG perspective to enable them to contribute to the wellbeing of people, the community and the planet.
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We propose an epidemiological model that includes the mobility patterns of the individuals, in the spirit to those considered in (Barmak, 2011, 2016) and (Medus, 2011). We assume that people move around in a city of 120x120 blocks with 300 inhabitants in each block. The mobility pattern is associated to a complex network in which nodes represent blocks while the links represent the traveling path of the individuals. We implemented three confinement strategies in order to mitigate the disease spreading: 1) global confinement, 2) partial restriction to mobility, and 3) localized confinement. In the first case, it was observed that a global isolation policy prevents the massive outbreak of the disease. In the second case, a partial restriction to mobility could lead to a massive contagion if this was not complemented with sanitary measures such as the use of masks and social distancing. Finally, a local isolation policy was proposed, conditioned to the health status of each block. It was observed that this mitigation strategy was able to contain and even reduce the outbreak of the disease by intervening in specific regions of the city according to their level of contagion. It was also observed that this strategy is capable of controlling the epidemic in the case that a certain proportion of those infected are asymptomatic.